All-solid-state Batteries

Solid-state batteries refer to lithium-ion batteries that use solid electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes. Based on the amount of solid electrolyte used, they can be further divided into two main categories: semi-solid-state batteries and all-solid-state batteries:

1) Semi-solid-state batteries: The electrolyte uses a solid-liquid mixture, with the liquid (electrolyte) accounting for approximately 5-10% of the battery's mass. Essentially, it's a compromise between liquid lithium-ion batteries and all-solid-state batteries.

2) All-solid-state batteries: These use solid electrolytes entirely instead of liquid electrolytes. Generally, a 10% liquid mass percentage is considered the dividing line between semi-solid-state and liquid batteries.

Solid-state batteries represent a major strategic direction for the next generation of battery upgrades. While significant progress has been made in the development of all-solid-state batteries, many practical challenges remain. High-energy-density sulfide all-solid-state batteries still require overcoming a series of key scientific challenges at multiple levels, including key materials, interfaces, composite materials, electrodes, and cells.

Currently, the development of all-solid-state batteries is shifting from "material breakthroughs" to "engineering verification." The operational status of each company's pilot production lines in 2026 will directly determine the ability to achieve the "small-batch mass production" target in 2027.

The EVE target sets 400Wh/kg and 1000Wh/L energy densities for solid-state batteries as key indicators. The company will invest heavily in funding, equipment, and R&D resources to accelerate the industrialization of all-solid-state batteries.

All-solid-state batteries (ASSB) are currently in a critical transition phase from laboratory to small-batch trial production. Major manufacturers plan to achieve small-batch production or vehicle verification between 2026 and 2027.

The main manufacturers of all-solid-state cells and their progress are as follows:

The following are the major solid-state cell manufacturers and related companies:

Leading power battery suppliers:

CATL: Possesses deep technological accumulation and industrial layout in the field of solid-state batteries.

Guoxuan High-Tech: Developed the sulfide all-solid-state "Gold Stone Battery," which has high ionic conductivity.

BYD: Plans to conduct batch demonstration vehicle installations around 2027. Zhongchuang Innovation Aviation, Sunwoda, EVE Energy, and Farasis Energy: All have relevant technology deployments.

Emerging Solid-State Battery Players and Leading Companies:

Tailan New Energy: Leading the pack with its strong deployment of cutting-edge technologies.

Qingtao Energy: Achieves significant results in solid-state battery R&D.

Weilan New Energy: Focuses on hybrid solid-liquid and all-solid-state technologies.

Ganfeng Lithium: Deploying high-energy-density solid-state cells.

Penghui Energy, Narada Power, and Delphi: Focus on oxide battery technology.